Multistage carcinogenesis and the fraction at risk.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Multistage carcinogenesis models describe the evolution of the cells in an individual's organ from a normal stage to a pre-neoplastic stage to a neoplastic stage. The triggers for the passage from one stage to the next one are presumed to be genetic alterations, which are not only governed by purely random events but also by individual environmental and genetic factors. We generalize existing models of carcinogenesis to populations composed of heterogeneous individuals, thus taking the environmental and genetic variability into account.
منابع مشابه
Ex-smokers and the multistage model for lung cancer.
Most versions of the multistage model predict that when persons stop smoking, their excess risk for lung cancer will continue to increase. Discussion of the model usually indicate that the excess risk stabilizes. The data show that the risk declines. Implications for models of carcinogenesis are discussed.
متن کاملExact representations for tumour incidence for some density-dependent models
Carcinogenesis is a multistage random process involving generic changes and stochastic proliferation and differentiation of normal cells and genetically altered stem cells. In this paper, we present the probability of time to tumour onset for a carcinogenesis model wherein the cells grow according to a birth and death process with density-dependent birth and death rates. This is achieved by tra...
متن کاملAnimal experimentation and its relevance to man.
The problem of quantitatively estimating human cancer risk based upon animal carcinogenesis studies is reviewed. Mathematical functions for dose-response relationships are discussed with particular emphasis on multistage models. These models are based upon a single cell somatic mutation theory for the carcinogenesis process. It is shown that the multistage model and others which incorporate bac...
متن کاملStochastic Modeling of Carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis is the transformation of normal cells into cancer cells. This process has been shown to be of a multistage nature, with stem cells that go through a series of genetic and epigenetic changes that eventually lead to a malignancy. Since the origins of the multistage theory in the 1950s, mathematical modeling has played a prominent role in the investigation of the mechanisms of carci...
متن کاملMultistage models for carcinogenesis.
The multistage model is tested on several human and animal data sets. It fits in some cases but not in others. With human lung cancer data, there is a drop in risk for ex-smokers quite different from the predictions of the model. The results are not conclusive but are compatible with the view that the multistage model provides a family of curves that often fit cancer incidence data, but may not...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of mathematical biology
دوره 49 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2004